18 challenges · 7 categories · 1 century

The Biggest ProblemsWe Must Solve

Humanity's greatest unsolved challenges for the 21st century. The problems that matter most — for the future of all life on Earth.

18

Total Challenges

7

Categories

18

Showing

🌍

Climate Change

Environment
💀 Critical

Rising global temperatures from greenhouse gas emissions are disrupting weather patterns, raising sea levels, and threatening ecos…

Progress 35%
🔜 4 years away Existential
🤖

Achieving AGI Safely

Technology
💀 Critical

Creating artificial general intelligence that matches or exceeds human capabilities across all cognitive tasks, while ensuring it …

Progress 20%
🔜 14 years away Existential
🏥

Curing Alzheimer's Disease

Health
🔥 Extreme

Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases affect over 55 million people worldwide. No disease-modifying treatment exists. W…

Progress 25%
🔜 9 years away Severe

Nuclear Fusion Energy

Energy
🔥 Extreme

Harnessing the energy that powers stars — fusing hydrogen isotopes to produce clean, abundant, carbon-free electricity with no lon…

Progress 40%
🔜 9 years away Transformative
🔬

Interstellar Communication

Science
🔥 Extreme

Developing methods to detect and communicate with potential extraterrestrial civilizations. The Fermi Paradox asks: where is every…

Progress 5%
🔜 24 years away Profound
🏥

Curing Aging

Health
🔥 Extreme

Treating aging as a treatable medical condition rather than an inevitable decline. Targeting the root causes of aging to extend bo…

Progress 20%
🔜 14 years away Transformative
🚀

Mars Colonization

Space
🔥 Extreme

Establishing self-sustaining human colonies on Mars — making humanity multi-planetary. A backup civilization in case of Earth-leve…

Progress 15%
🔜 14 years away High
🔬

Quantum Supremacy for Real Problems

Science
⚠️ High

Quantum computers that can solve practically useful problems — drug discovery, materials design, optimization — that are intractab…

Progress 30%
🔜 4 years away Transformative
🔬

Understanding Consciousness

Science
⚠️ High

The hard problem of consciousness: why and how subjective experience arises from physical matter. We don't know how neurons firing…

Progress 10%
🔜 14 years away Profound

Why This Matters

The 21st century is a hinge point in human history. We have more power to shape the future than ever before — and more at stake. Climate change, artificial intelligence, nuclear threats, and pandemics don't respect borders. They require coordination, ingenuity, and collective action at unprecedented scale.

This site catalogues the grand challenges where progress could mean the difference between a thriving civilization and a diminished one. Each is solvable — if enough brilliant people decide to work on them.

18

Grand Challenges

7

Categories

100

Years Left